Embedded Systems
An embedded system is nearly any computing system (other than a general-purpose computer) with the following characteristics
• Single-functioned
Typically, is designed to perform predefined function
• Tightly constrained
Tuned for low cost
Single-to-fewer components based
Performs functions fast enough
Consumes minimum power
• Reactive and real-time
Must continually monitor the desired environment and react to changes
• Hardware and software co-existence
Defination(定义)
• 嵌入式系统是指以应用为中心
• 以计算机技术为基础
• 软硬件可裁剪
• 对功能、可靠性、成本、体积、功耗有严格要求
•被嵌入在某种设备中的专用计算机系统
Examples:
• Mobile phone systems
Customer handsets and base stations
• Communication devices
Wired and wireless routers and switches
• Automotive applications
Braking systems, traction control, airbag release systems, and cruise-control applications
• Aerospace applications
Flight-control systems, engine controllers, auto-pilots and passenger in-flight entertainment systems
• Defense systems
Radar systems, fighter aircraft flight-control systems, radio systems, and missile guidance systems
All Kinds of Embedded System
Current Technologies
• Microcontroller-based systems
• ARM-based systems
• DSP processor-based systems
• FPGA technology
Embedded Design in an FPGA
Embedded design in an FPGA consists of the following:
•FPGA hardware design
• C drivers for hardware
• Software design
Software routines
Interrupt service routines (optional)
Real Time Operating System (RTOS) (optional)
