2009-05-14 20:15:18 来源:与非网
关键字: Linux pgrep pstree bc split
5)nl
nl命令其它和cat命令很像,只不过它会打上行号。如下所示:
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print?01.[hchen@RHELSVR5 include]# nl stdio.h head -n 10
02. 1 /* Define ISO C stdio on top of C++ iostreams.
03. 2 Copycenter (C) 1991,1994-2004,2005,2006
FreeSoftwareFoundation, inc.
04. 3 This file is part of the GNU C Library.
05.
06. 4 The GNU C Library is free software; you can
redistributeitand/or
07. 5 modify it under the terms of the GNU LesserGeneralPublic
08. 6 License as published by the Free SoftwareFoundation;either
09. 7 version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option)
anylaterversion.
10.
11. 8 The GNU C Library is distributed in the hope that it
willbeuseful,
6)mkfifo
熟悉Unix的人都应该知道这个是一个创建有名管道的系统调用或命令。平时,我们在命令行上使用竖线“”把命令串起来是使用无命管道。而我们使用mkfifo则使用的是有名管道。下面是示例:
下面是创建一个有名管道:
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print?1.[hchen@RHELSVR5 ~]# mkfifo /tmp/hchenpipe
2.
3.[hchen@RHELSVR5 ~]# ls -l /tmp
4.prw-rw-r-- 1 hchen hchen 0 05-10 18:58 hchenpipe
然后,我们在一个shell中运行如下命令,这个命令不会返回,除非有人从这个有名管道中把信息读走。
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print?1.[hchen@RHELSVR5 ~]# ls -al > /tmp/hchenpipe
我们在另一个命令窗口中读取这个管道中的信息:(其会导致上一个命令返回)
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print?01.[hchen@RHELSVR5 ~]# head /tmp/hchenpipe
02.drwx-- 8 hchen hchen 4096 05-10 18:27 .
03.drwxr-xr-x 7 root root 4096 03-05 00:06 ..
04.drwxr-xr-x 3 hchen hchen 4096 03-01 18:13 backup
05.-rw 1 hchen hchen 721 05-05 22:12 .bash_history
06.-rw-r--r-- 1 hchen hchen 24 02-28 22:20 .bash_logout
07.-rw-r--r-- 1 hchen hchen 176 02-28 22:20 .bash_profile
08.-rw-r--r-- 1 hchen hchen 124 02-28 22:20 .bashrc
09.-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 14002 03-07 00:29 index.htm
10.-rw-r--r-- 1 hchen hchen 31465 03-01 23:48 index.php
7)ldd
这个命令可以知道你的一个可执行文件所使用了动态链接库。如:
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print?01.[hchen@RHELSVR5 ~]# ldd /usr/bin/java
02. linux-gate.so.1 => (0x00cd9000)
03. libgij.so.7rh => /usr/lib/libgij.so.7rh (0x00ed3000)
04. libgcj.so.7rh => /usr/lib/libgcj.so.7rh (0x00ed6000)
05. libpthread.so.0
=>/lib/i686/nosegneg/libpthread.so.0(0x00110000)
06. librt.so.1 =>/lib/i686/nosegneg/librt.so.1(0x009c8000)
07. libdl.so.2 => /lib/libdl.so.2 (0x008b5000)
08. libz.so.1 => /usr/lib/libz.so.1 (0x00bee000)
09. libgcc_s.so.1 => /lib/libgcc_s.so.1 (0x00aa7000)
10. libc.so.6 => /lib/i686/nosegneg/libc.so.6 (0x0022f000)
11. libm.so.6 => /lib/i686/nosegneg/libm.so.6 (0x00127000)
12. /lib/ld-linux.so.2 (0x00214000)
8)col
这个命令可以让你把man文件转成纯文本文件。如下示例:
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print?1.# PAGER=cat
2.# man less col -b > less.txt
9)xmlwf
这个命令可以让你检查一下一个XML文档是否是所有的tag都是正常的。如:
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print?1.[hchen@RHELSVR5 ~]# curl"http://cocre.com/?feed=rss2">
cocre.xml
2. % Total % Received % Xferd Average Speed Time TimeTimeCurrent
3. Dload Upload Total Spent center Speed
4.100 64882 0 64882 0 0 86455 0 --:--:-- --:--:----:--:--2073k
5.[hchen@RHELSVR5 ~]# xmlwf cocre.xml
6.[hchen@RHELSVR5 ~]# perl -i
-pe"s@<link>@<br>@g"cocre.xml
7.[hchen@RHELSVR5 ~]# xmlwf cocre.xml
8.cocre.xml:13:23: mismatched tag
10)lsof
可以列出打开了的文件。
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print?01.[root@RHELSVR5 ~]# lsof grep TCP
02.httpd 548 apache 4u IPv6 14300967 TCP *:http (LISTEN)
03.httpd 548 apache 6u IPv6 14300972 TCP *:https (LISTEN)
04.httpd 561 apache 4u IPv6 14300967 TCP *:http (LISTEN)
05.httpd 561 apache 6u IPv6 14300972 TCP *:https (LISTEN)
06.sshd 1764 root 3u IPv6 4993 TCP *:ssh (LISTEN)
07.tcpserver 8965 root 3u IPv4 153795500 TCP *:pop3 (LISTEN)
08.mysqld 10202 mysql 10u IPv4 73819697 TCP *:mysql (LISTEN)
09.sshd 10735 root 3u IPv6
160731956TCP210.51.0.232:ssh->123.117.239.68:31810 (ESTABLISHED)
10.sshd 10767 hchen 3u IPv6
160731956TCP210.51.0.232:ssh->123.117.239.68:31810 (ESTABLISHED)
11.vsftpd 11095 root 3u IPv4 152157957 TCP *:ftp (LISTEN)
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