Xiaomi Wireless Vacuum Cleaner Teardown

In today's era of pursuing extreme convenience in home living, cordless vacuum cleaners have gradually evolved from high-end home appliances into mass consumer goods. Since its launch, the Xiaomi Mijia Handheld Cordless Vacuum Cleaner has won the favor of a large number of consumers with its high cost-effectiveness and compact design. Compared to high-end cordless vacuum cleaners on the market that often cost thousands of yuan, this Xiaomi handheld vacuum cleaner seems more like the ultimate embodiment of the "good enough" philosophy. It lacks exaggerated suction power parameters and complex smart features, yet under the constraints of limited cost and volume, it maximizes basic cleaning functions.

In terms of appearance, the Xiaomi handheld cordless vacuum cleaner continues the minimalist style consistent with its ecosystem chain products. The pure white body is paired with gray decorative details, and the overall shape is a simple stick-like structure. From an industrial design perspective, the most commendable aspect of this product is its level of integration. Apart from the detachable suction head and dustbin, almost no obvious assembly seams can be seen on the main body. This not only enhances the product's aesthetics but, more importantly, increases the overall structural strength. With a price tag of less than two hundred yuan, it offers a wireless, portable, multi-scenario cleaning solution, which inevitably makes people curious: behind such an affordable price, what kind of hardware solution has Xiaomi employed? And what unique features are there in the selection of internal components?

Disassembling the Xiaomi handheld cordless vacuum cleaner reveals a compact and orderly internal layout, fully reflecting the highly integrated characteristics of modern consumer electronics. The entire internal structure includes: a three-phase brushless motor, a motor driver board, a control circuit board, and a power supply battery. The main focus of this article is on the motor driver board and the control circuit board.

The driver chip on the motor driver board is Fortior FU6831L. This is a three-phase motor control MCU; this series of MCUs integrates a Motor control Engine (ME) and an 8051 core. The ME integrates many hardware modules such as FOC, MDU, LPF, PI, SVPWM/SPWM, and can automatically perform motor FOC/BLDC operational control in hardware. The 8051 core is used for parameter configuration and daily task processing. The dual-core parallel operation enables various high-performance motor control applications. Most instruction cycles for the 8051 core are 1T or 2T. The chip integrates high-speed operational amplifiers, comparators, Predriver (except for FU6811), high-speed ADC, high-speed multiplier/divider, CRC, SPI, I2C, UART, various TIMERs, PWM functions, and a built-in high-voltage LDO. It is suitable for square wave, SVPWM/SPWM, and FOC drive control of BLDC/PMSM motors.

On the back of the motor driver board are 3 sets of drive circuits composed of N-MOSFETs and P-MOSFETs from ALLPOWER. The model of the N-MOSFET is AP30H80Q, and the model of the P-MOSFET is AP90P03Q.

The core of the control circuit board uses a high-speed 1T 8051 microcontroller series product from Taiwan-based Nuvoton(N76E003). It provides 18 KB Flash ROM, configurable Data Flash, and a large capacity of 1 KB SRAM. It supports a wide operating voltage range of 2.4V to 5.5V and an operating temperature range of -40℃ to 105℃, with high noise immunity of 7KV ESD/4KV EFT. It includes dual UART, SPI, I²C, and 6-channel PWM output. It has a built-in high-precision 16 MHz RC oscillator with less than 2% error (superior to similar products) and a high-resolution 8-channel 12-bit ADC. It also features self-wake-up, brown-out detection, and other functions.

In addition to the main controller, it also includes some power management chips:

There are many alternative choices for power management chips. Foreign manufacturers like Texas Instruments, ADI, and MPS​ have similar products, while domestic manufacturers such as SG Micro​ and Silicon Integration​ also provide alternatives with comparable performance. However, considering cost and supply, the domestically produced chips chosen in the original design have significant advantages in terms of cost-effectiveness.

The motor model used in the Xiaomi vacuum cleaner is from the BL4560W series, a brushless DC fan motor for cordless vacuum cleaners and other devices.

The battery is a lithium-ion battery pack from Ningbo Fujia Industrial Co., Ltd., model SSX-3S, with a rated capacity of 1800mAh.

The above is the teardown analysis of this Xiaomi handheld vacuum cleaner. The main components are listed in the BOM table below:

Overall, the hardware solution of the Xiaomi handheld cordless vacuum cleaner achieves maximum core functionality under strict cost control. This is not a product pursuing ultimate performance but rather finds an ingenious balance between price, function, and reliability. The success of this product demonstrates the importance of "appropriate design." Not all products need the most advanced technology or the most powerful performance. Often, well-suited functionality and a reasonable price are the keys to winning the market. It does not try to meet all needs but rather is sufficiently usable and sufficiently cheap within the specific scenario of "handheld cleaning." This ability to define a product may be more valuable than any single technological innovation.

In the tide of chip localization, such high-sales-volume consumer electronics products play the role of a "training ground." They provide valuable application opportunities and market feedback for domestic chips, helping them continuously improve through iterations. From the teardown of this product, we can see that domestic chips are already capable of playing significant roles in the consumer electronics field. This is a true reflection of the progress of China's semiconductor industry and makes us look forward to higher levels of localization in the future.

So, what do you think of this Xiaomi product? Feel free to leave a comment and discuss!